USE of IT and THERE

 

USE of IT and THERE

When a sentence has no subject, then 'It and There' are used as an Introductory Word. e.g. It is a goat. There is no way. In these examples, Subject is missing and 'It' and 'There' are used as introductory words.

Use of It

'It' is a third-person, singular neuter pronoun. 'It' can be used for either a Subject or an Object in a sentence. Its Personal, Possessive and Reflexive form is given below:

	Singular Pronoun
Person	Personal subject	Personal object	Possessive	Reflexive
Third neutral	it	it	its	itself
	Plural Pronoun
Third neutral	they	them	their	themselves

In the absence of subject, 'It' is used as an introductory word. One is to apprise only time say 'seven o'clock'. Subject is not there and in the absence of Subject sentence 'seven o'clock' does not sound good. Here 'It' is used as an introductory word and sentence will be - It is seven o'clock.

'It' is used to talk about time, date, weather.

Examples

It is three o'clock.

It was half past four.

It is quarter past one.

It is a quarter to four by my watch.

Is is your birthday?

It was 11th November.

It is raining.

It is blowing cold.

It drizzles daily in London.

It is leaking.

It was a dark night.

Is it not fine today?

'It' is used to talk about people- ourselves as well as others.

Examples

On the telephone:- It's me.

On the telephone:- It's Avyan.

When people cannot see:- It's me, your neighbour.

On picking phone:- Hello, who is it?

On hearing door knocking sound :- Who is it?

'It' is used when Gender (sex) is not known. 'It' is referred for a baby of human also when sex of the baby is not known. (God has blessed him with a baby. It is 'he' or 'she'? Animals, Birds, Ants, Insects, etc and lifeless things - visible/invisible (Book, Tree, Stone, Statue, mooD, daanT-jhidki etc) are also referred by 'It'.
Examples

It is a snake.

It is a cat.

It is my book.

Is it a mango tree?

It is the statue of Liberty.

When he saw the child, it was seeping. (Use of It when you are not to differentiate between male or female)

Avyan has spoiled his dress.

It was a stone. It injured that boy.

Papa rebuked me. It spoiled my mood. (Here 'It' is used for 'Rebuke')

My mood was very good. It was because of my grandson. (Here 'It' is used for 'mood')

Don't take much care of your growing son. It will spoil him.(Here 'It' is used for 'much care')

'It' is used to refer to a Noun which has come before. The Noun can come before in the same sentence or in the same paragraph(s).

Examples

The sun has risen. It gives light to everybody.

The moon inspires to be calm. It is a symbol of love also.

This book is very interesting. It is very costly.

Statue of Liberty is located on Liberty Island. Its height is 46 meter. It was erected in 1870.(Here 'It' is used for Noun every time after in the sentences).

Tap is running. It will have to be repaired.

Car is standing in the parking. It is safe.

'It' is used to refer to a Clause which has come before.

Examples

I have promoted him, and he is aware of it.

He had shown his face. It was his planned action.

He has been visiting daily for the last month. It is because, he wants transfer.

Rajan has sacrificed his life for Smita. It is not known to Harbhajan.

Manjula had completed whole work. It was in my knowledge.

What a beautiful sparrow it is!.

It' is used to refer to a Phrase or Clause coming after.

Examples

It is possible that he may come.

It was difficult to anticipate his plans.

It is sad to know about his accident.

It is worth to go there and see the show.

It will take half an hour to reach there.

It was interesting to meet your brother at last.

It is awful driving in peak hours.

It is great watching 4D movie in London.

'It' is also used to emphasise Noun or Pronoun.

Examples

It was I, who told you about his result.

It is you, who has asked me to keep quiet.

It is the place, where we had met for the first time.

It is he, who had donated his blood to you.

It is the hospital, where you were born.

It is the season, when you can enjoy mango.

It is the only one website, where English learning is so easy.

It is you, who is to keep your commitment.

It was I, who jumped into the river to save you.

It was his good karmas only, which saved him.

Use of There

The word 'There' has a variety of uses. It usually signifies 'in that place / that location'. It is also used as first word (introductory word) in a sentence where it has merely an introductory value and three is no signification of its usual meaning of place.

'There' is used as introductory word when the verb is intransitive and it is followed by the subject of the sentence. (Intransitive verb is a verb which does not require an object in sentence. Intransitive verb can give complete meaning without an object in sentence for it).

We use 'There' as a dummy subject with Verb (TO BE form - Is / Are / Was / Were / Will be/ etc) followed by a Noun phrase / clause.

Word - There
Type of Sentence	Rule
Positive	There + To be Form of Verb (Is / Are / Was / Were / Will be/has been/have been/had been etc) + ......

'There' as a pronoun, is used to introduce a noun or phrase or to talk about things we can see and things that exists.

Examples

There is a computer in my room.

There were four persons in that car.

There were only 15 students in the cinema hall.

There are too many people in this elevator.

There is a meeting in the afternoon. It will focus on increase in petrol prices.

There will be a computer for each student.

There was a lot of rain in the morning.

There are hundred types of flowers in the garden.

There must be minimum 20 guards at night in the society.

There will be none at home.

There is a lot of work to do before marriage.

There are number of reasons for not granting him promotion.

There are only a few opponents.

There is a Kalpvriksh in Jaipur.

There are number of temples in London.

There were more than three hundred people in Prashant's wedding reception.

There were more than 30 people standing in queue to congratulate him.

There are many people who support the Government's policies.

If there is a person who tries to cross the red traffic light, please warn him.

'There' as an adverb, is normally used to signify its usual meaning 'in that place / that location'

Examples

Do you hear that dog-barking over there?

May I please sit there?

The coach shouted, "Stay outside there!"

In the office, his cabin was there in the corner.

On the bank of river, he used to sit there.

If you want to smoke, go there.

 

 

Sentences of helping verb 'Has/Have/Had', which denotes possession, can also be written by using 'There':

Examples

A week has seven days. - There are seven days in a week.

I have two cars. - There are two cars with me.

Vartika has one tricycle. - There is one tricycle with Vartika.

Avyan has nothing in his pocket. - There is nothing in Avyan's pocket.

They have many number of toys. - There are many toys with them.

 

Examples

We must rest here and not there.

My son noted that there were two white tigers in the zoo.

We walked from there to the end of the road, then we sat for a while.

There are some people in the office (don't know exact quantity)

There is some milk in the fridge. (don't know exact quantity)

There is some change with me. (don't know exact quantity)

There is not any money in my purse. (uncountable noun)

There are not any girls in the classroom today. (plural noun)

There is not a single married girl in the class. (singular countable noun - Any is not used for singular countable noun)

 

There+madal+be/modal+ have been+noun+preposition+place.(Including Negative)

There can be a man in the room. There must have been two boys in the class.