Definition:
A sentence is a
word or group of words that must expresses a complete idea or sense or meaning
and that may consists of a subject and a verb.
Also it may have
an object or a complement and the words must be order properly.
যে শব্দ বা শব্দ সমষ্টি দ্বারা সম্পূর্ণ অর্থ প্রকাশ পায় এবং যা সাধারণত কর্তা এবং ক্রিয়া দ্বারা গঠিত তাকে sentence বা বাক্য বলা হয় ।
Example:
We practice English every day. (Here we
is subject, practice is verb, English is object and everyday is adverb)
Basically there
are two parts of a sentence: (একটি Sentence এ মূলত দুটি অংশ থাকে)
Subject and
Predicate
Subject: A subject of a sentence is a person or thing
about which something is said or written.
Predicate: And the Predicate that says what the Subject
does.
যে ব্যক্তি বা বস্তু সম্পর্কে কোনকিছু বলা বা লিখা হয় তাকে Subject বা কর্তা বলে ।
যা subject বা কর্তা সম্পর্কে বলে বা করে বা লিখে তাকে Predicate বলা হয় ।
In the above
example ‘We’ is subject and ‘practice English everyday’ is Predicate. A
sentence usually starts with a subject and then predicate comes.
Kinds of Sentence:
Sentence can be classified into five
categories according to the meaning or functions.
They are:-
Kinds of Sentence:
Sentences can be classified into
five categories, according to their meaning or function.
অর্থ বা কাজের ওপর ভিত্তি করে ইংরেজিতে Sentence কে সাধারণত পাঁচ ভাগে ভাগ করা যায়।
They are:-
1.
Assertive
Sentence.
2.
Interrogative
Sentence.
3.
Imperative
Sentence.
4.
Optative
Sentence.
5.
Exclamatory
Sentence.
Assertive Sentence:
An assertive
sentence is a simple/general statement or assertion, either affirmative or
negative.
কোনো সাধারণ বিবৃতি বা বক্তব্যকে Assertive Sentence (বিবৃতিমূলক বাক্য) বলে
Pattern:
Subject + verb
+ object/complement/adverb/adjective
Example:
English is an International Language. (Affirmative)
We do not do bad things. (Negative)
Everybody should know English. (Modal auxiliaries)
Interrogative
Sentence:
An interrogative
sentence asks question about a person or thing(s). It always ends with a note
of interrogation a.k.a. question mark (?).
There are two
ways to form an interrogative sentence.
I. Beginning with helping verbs (am, is, are, was, were,
have, has, had) or modal auxiliaries (shall, should, will, would, can, could,
may, might, etc.).
Example:
Do you have your assignment ready?
Does he speak English?
Did she work abroad?
Should I go there?
Can you hear the sound?
Don’t you want any food? (Negative)
II. Beginning with some specific words like who, which,
what, when, where, why, how, whom, how much, how many, etc. [These are known as
‘WH’ questions.]
Example:
How is your business going on?
Who fixed the computer?
Whom do you support?
What are you expecting from me?
What time is it now?
How many people have died there?
Imperative
Sentence:
A sentence that
expresses a request, command, order, advice, suggestion, etc. is an imperative
sentence.
In an imperative sentence, the subject is usually unexpressed; it is understood
rather.
Pattern:
Subject
(Invisible) + verb + object / where
Example:
Take care of you.
Give me the pen.
Do it now.
Be honest.
Come here
Never tell a lie
Do not laugh at other's helplessness.
Let him go there.
Optative
Sentence:
Wish, desire,
prayer, etc. are expressed by the Optative sentence.
Pattern:
May +
Assertive
Example:
May you live long.
May Allah bless you.
Wish you all the best.
Long live Bangladesh. (Can be formed without ‘may’)
Exclamatory
Sentence:
Exclamatory is a
sentence which expresses strong/sudden feeling or emotion like surprise, pain,
delight, anger, disgust, etc.
Pattern:
Alas/ Hurrah/
Bravo/ What/ How etc. + Others
Example:
Hurrah! Our cricket team has won the
series.
Alas! He has failed the competition.
Bravo! You have done a great job.
What a talented girl she is!
How sweetly the cuckoo sings! What an idea!
What a wonderful land Bangladesh is! Put that
down now!
Were I a Super Hero! Leave the package at the door.
What a pity! Walk softly, please.
Fantastic!
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